详细解析之with短语的意义及用法
with短语是高考的重点也是难点，它可以做状语，表示原因、时间、条件或伴随等，在这里用浅显易懂易记讲解给大家，希望各位能够尽快理解在最短的时间内掌握住，以利于高考决战的胜利。
 
with+名词+现在分词／过去分词，+主题句
 
They drove to the seaside for relaxation，with the iob completed．=After the j ob was completed，they drove to the seaside for relaxation．工作完毕，他们驱车去海边放松。
 
With the guide leading the way．we had no difficulty in finding the garage．
 
因为有向导引路，所以我们不用费力就找到了汽车修理厂。
 
Linda fell asleep with the light burning．琳达开着灯睡着了。
 
说明：在此句型中，名词充当with的介词宾语，而现在分词或过去分词充当宾语补足语。若名词是动作发出者，与后面的分词存在主谓关系，则用现在分词；若名词是动作承受者，与后面的分词存在被动关系，则用过去分词。此句型在句中作原因状语、伴随状语等，可转换为相应的状语从句。
 
注意：with+名词+动词不定式，+主题句
 
With nothing to do，1 went on a round of the bookshops．
 
手头无事可做，我就去逛书店。
 
He worked from morning till night．with little to eat and only a tiny place to live in．
 
他从早干到晚，没有吃的，住的地方也很狭窄。
 
With more people to help，I can do it better．
 
(如果)有多些人帮我的话，我能够做得更好。
 
With no one to talk to，John feIt miserable．
 
由于没有可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。
 
说明：“with+名词+不定式"和上一句型一样是with引导的复合结构，在句中作状语，表示原因、条件等，所以它可以转换为相应的状语从句。从时间上来讲这个结构的动作尚未发生。
 
注意：with+名词+介词短语/形容词/副词，+主题句
 
Soon he arrived at a park with grass green and flowers in blossom．=Soon he arrived at a park where grass Was green
 
and flowers were in blossom．
 
很快他便到了一个绿草如茵和鲜花盛开的公园。
 
With the weather so hot，they went into a pavilion to have a rest．=As the weather was so hot，they went into a pavilion to have a rest．
 
天气那么热，他们走进一个凉亭休息了一下。
 
With the Chinese teacher ill，we have to study by ourselves．=We have to study by ourselves because the Chinese teacher was ill．
 
由于中文老师生病了，我们不得不自学。
 
The Nanshan was on her way from the south to Fuzhou，with Chinese workers on board，returning to their home
 
villages in the province of Fujian．
 
南山号行驶在从南方开往福州的路上，船上载有准备返回福建农村的中国工人。
 
My grandpa is standing there，with a pipe in his mouth．=My grandpa is standing there and(he)has a pipe in his mouth．
 
我爷爷站在那儿，嘴里叼着烟斗。
 
With the weather so close and stuffy，ten to one it'll rain presently．
 
大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。
 
BBC English broadcasts programmes for China with explanations in Chinese．
 
BBC英语对中国广播的节目是用汉语进行解释的。
 
说明：“with+名词+介词／形容词/副词”是with引导的复合结构，后跟介词(短语)时，在句中多作伴随状语或定语，说明情况、表示状态；后跟形容词或副词时，在句中常作伴随状语或原因状语等。with引导的这个复合结构可以转换为相应的状语从句、定语从句或并列句。