阅读理解总丢分？6个方法迅速找到答案（三）
高考阅读理解解题技巧（三）——推理判断题
 
推理判断题是高考英语阅读理解的一个重要题型，属于主观性极强的高层次阅读理解。此类题目要求考生纵观全文，在掌握全文提供的各项信息的基础上进行正确的逻辑推理，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
 
【分析】
 
1. 常见提问方式
 
After reading the story, what can we infer about the hospital?
 
What did Greg Rota probably do in the end?
 
Which of the following might have happened afterwards?
 
We can infer from the text that “computer-literate” means ____.
 
From the text, we learn that the diary is now owned by ____.
 
Vanvergarges’ remark suggests that ____.
 
This text is most probably taken from a ____.
 
This text most probably appears in ____.
 
2. 常见类型
 
(1) 推断文中细节
 
这种题型常常集中对文章中某一点或几点、某一方面或几方面、某一部分或几部分提出问题。回答这类问题时，应首先仔细阅读原文以确定推理信息的范围，然后按题意进行推断。
 
(2) 推断文章的来源出处
 
阅读理解文章体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。而文章的来源也各不相同，有的选自小说、报刊杂志，有的选自科技论文、书评等，所以做题时要注意把握各类体裁文章的特点及文章内容特点。
 
(3) 推断文中的数字
 
此题目要求对各数字进行推算。应注意，有的题目只要求找出相关的数字，有些题目则要做简单的计算。
 
3. 解题方法
 
(1) 根据文中信息合理推断
 
推理判断题的答案一般在文中不可能直接找到，但这并不意味着读者可以随意判断。解答此类题时必须充分利用文中所提供的信息进行合乎逻辑的推断。所选答案一定要在文中能够直接或间接地找到依据或理由。
 
(2) 结合一般常识, 分析提供信息
 
在对文章进行分析判断时，有时在文章所提供信息的基础上，读者还需要运用一般常识进行合理推断。
 
（3）透过表层意思,悟出深层含义
 
在进行阅读判断时，还要注意在语篇层面上进行深层的连贯性思考，要学会去伪存真，由表及里去推断。
 
【高考真题】
 
In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh (法老) treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.
 
Shades of that spirit spread over today’s conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light-heartedly out the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it’s going to rain.” I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his smile.
 
Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus. As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh that bus left five minutes ago.” Dreams of head-cutting!
 
It’s not the news that makes someone angry. It’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s delivered. Everyone must give bad mews from time to time, and winning professionals do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didn’t get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.
 
Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you’re tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn’t ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.
 
Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning. Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, “Oh, that’s all right. I’ll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded (被轰炸的) person is sure to have.
 
54. In the writer’s opinion, his neighbor was _____.
 
A. friendly B. warm-hearted
 
C. not considerate D. not helpful
 
55. From “Dreams of head-cutting!”(Paragraph 3), we learn that the writer _____.
 
A. was mad at the sales agent
 
B. was reminded of the cruel pharaoh
 
C. wished that the sales agent would have bad dreams
 
D. dreamed of cutting the sales agent’s head that night
 
解析：
 
54. 选C。推理判断题。由文章第二段的最后两个句子以及最后一段的第一个句子可知，作者对邻居的态度很不满意，充分说明邻居不体谅别人的感受。故选C。
 
55. 选A。推理判断题。本题要求推断文中细节事实。由这个表达的字面意思及第三段描述的内容可知，当作者气喘吁吁地将钱递进售票柜台时，售票员却告知他汽车已在五分钟之前开走了，而且还大笑，没有丝毫的同情感。故作者肯定是非常生气。